History of building the pyramids
The main reason for building the pyramids is the burial of the kings of the pharaohs in them; That is why it is associated in Egyptian mythology with the world of the dead, noting that the number of pyramids in Egypt is about 138, the largest of which is Khufu (one of the ancient seven wonders of the world), and the pyramid of Djoser is believed to be the oldest pyramid in Egypt; Its construction dates back to the 27th century BC .
How to build the pyramids
The Pharaohs needed to build the pyramids a lot of labor; Where a number ranging between 2000-3,000 men participated in the construction of the pyramid of Khufu during a long period of 23 years,
It is worth noting that the pyramids were built of limestone as their foundation in the ground, while they used basalt stone and granite in building the tops of the pyramids, which were sometimes painted with gold. They used a variety of tools, such as: copper chisels, and granite hammers; To cut stones, and transport them to the place of building the pyramids by means of a lubricated pillar, and this is indicated by the carvings found in one of the ancient Egyptian tombs;
These sculptures show 173 men pulling stones with a greased beam. The larger stones were lifted into place in the pyramid by brick stairs, covered with wax; To make it easier to pull it up .
The most important Egyptian pyramids
The following is a list of the most prominent Egyptian pyramids:
The Pyramids of Giza: The three pyramids of Giza were built approximately between (2575-2465 BC) during the era of the Fourth Dynasty, and these pyramids are:
The Great Pyramid of Khufu, which is the oldest and largest.
Pyramid of Khafre, which is the middle pyramid.
Menkaure pyramid.
Pyramid of Djoser: Pyramid of Djoser or Step Pyramid is an archaeological site in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt, northwest of the city of Memphis. , and it dates back to the third ruling dynasty.
Red Pyramid: The Red Pyramid, also called the North Pyramid, is the largest of the pyramids located at the Dahshur necropolis in Cairo, Egypt. Named for the rusty reddish hue of its red limestone stones, it is also the third largest Egyptian pyramid, after those of Khufu and Khafre at Giza. It is also believed to be Egypt’s first successful attempt at constructing a “true” smooth-sided pyramid. Local residents refer to the Red Pyramid as el-heram el-watwaat, meaning the Bat Pyramid.
Meidum Pyramid: This pyramid is located on the edge of the desert, where it was built by order of the father of Pharaoh Khufu (Sneferu),
It is considered the first attempts of the pharaohs in building the pyramids, and it is the first pyramid to show the burial stones in the form of an arch with beautiful walls.